Safety

Risk-adjusted percent of patients undergoing index pediatric and/or congenital heart surgery who die, including both 1) all deaths occurring during the hospitalization in which the procedure was performed, even if after 30 days (including patients transferred to other acute care facilities), and 2) those deaths occurring after discharge from the hospital, but within 30 days of the procedure

Percent of patients aged 18 years and older undergoing isolated CABG who require intubation for more than 24 hours postoperatively

Percent of patients aged 18 years and older undergoing isolated CABG (without pre-existing renal failure) who develop postoperative renal failure or require dialysis

Percent of patients aged 18 years and older undergoing isolated CABG who have a postoperative stroke (i.e., any confirmed neurological deficit of abrupt onset caused by a disturbance in blood supply to the brain) that did not resolve within 24 hours

Percent of patients aged 18 years and older undergoing isolated CABG who require a re-intervention during the current hospitalization for mediastinal bleeding with or without tamponade, graft occlusion, valve dysfunction, or other cardiac reason

Rate of risk-standardized acute, unplanned hospital admissions among Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries 65 years and older with diabetes who are assigned to an Accountable Care Organization (ACO).

Rate of risk-standardized acute, unplanned hospital admissions among Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries 65 years and older with heart failure who are assigned to an Accountable Care Organization (ACO).

Rate of risk-standardized acute, unplanned hospital admissions among Medicare fee-for-service
(FFS) beneficiaries 65 years and older with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) who are assigned to an Accountable Care Organization (ACO).

The SNFRM estimates the risk-standardized rate of all-cause, unplanned hospital readmissions for Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries within 30 days of discharge from a prior proximal acute hospitalization. The prior proximal hospitalization is defined as an admission to an IPPS, CAH, psychiatric, or cancer hospital. The measure is risk-adjusted for patient demographics, principal diagnosis from the prior hospitalization, comorbidities, and other health status variables that affect the probability of a hospital readmission.

Surgical volume for pediatric and congenital heart surgery: total programmatic volume and programmatic volume stratified by the 5 Society of Thoracic Surgeons - European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Congenital Heart Surgery Mortality Categories (STAT Mortality Categories), a multi-institutional validated complexity stratification tool